The major factors affecting the performance of crystalline thin films are the presence of grain boundaries and inherent crystal structure. Post-deposition annealing is frequently employed to improve ...

Semiconductor devices are becoming thinner and more complex, making thin deposited films even harder to measure and control. With 3nm node devices in production and 2nm nodes ramping toward ...

Thermoplastic films have been used in flexible medical product applications since the 1960s, when plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blood storage bags replaced glass bottles. 1 In the 1970s, PVC ...

Thin films play a crucial role in the fabrication of several components and devices, such as protective coatings, integrated circuits, solar cells, and optical ...

Thin films can be made from a variety of materials, including metals (e.g., gold, silver), oxides (e.g., silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide), and semiconductors (e.g ...

High conversion efficiency, earth-abundant material composition, and lower cost of manufacturing make perovskites a potential game changer for the solar industry. But what is the best path forward for ...

Often no thicker than a piece of paper, thin-film solar panels are among the least visible advancements in renewable energy technology today. Unlike traditional silicon panels, which are rigid and ...

Thin films form the basis of many industries today, including semiconductors, electric vehicles, smart optical coatings, sophisticated medical equipment, and protective layers on high-temperature ...

Silicon-free tandem solar cells are a topic of research for commercial, academic, and institutional labs in the United States. Researchers at the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) National Renewable ...